مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 35، بهار 1384)

Background and This study is intended to evaluate the results of intraoperative Mitomycin- C application in external D.C.R surgery compared with same results without Mitomycin-C application. Methods and Materials: In this prospective randomized controlled study, a total of 66 eyes diagnosed with acquired Nasolacrimal duct obstruction were randomly divided into a simple external D.C.R group and a Mitomycin-C group in which Mitomycin-C was used during surgery. The surgical procedures in both groups were exactly the same, except that in Mitomycin-C group, a piece of cotton soaked with 0.2 mg/ml Mitomycin-C was applied to osteotomy site for 20 minutes. The symptoms and signs of the two groups in a 7-month follow-up were evaluated. In the simple D.C.R group, 75.8% of the patients remained Epiphora free after 7 months of follow-up; while in the Mitomycin-C group, 94% of patients were reported to be Epiphora-free. There was a significant difference between the two groups: the potency rate in simple group in 72.7% compared with 94% in the Mitomycin-C group. In the simple group, 69.7% having a normal tear Meniscus level compared with 91% in Mitomycin-C group. There were no severe complications except for one patient with delayed epistaxies and two patients with delayed wound healing in Mitomycin-C group. Intraoperative Mitomycin-C application is effective in increasing the success rate of D.C.R surgery and no significant complication results from its use.

Background and Determination of the effect of an expensive and non-absorbable element named as gold on spermatogenesis can justify the reason for its being religiously unlawful for men. 36 male Rats were divided into three groups. After the animals were made anesthetized, at the back of neck of group I, a piece of gold measuring 2x1 cm and similarly non-absorbable plastic was attached to the back of neck of second group. Neither a metal nor anything was placed on the third group. Place of cut was sutured. After first and third months, animals were made anesthetised and specimens were taken from testis and were stained with H&E staining and were examined for the structure of seminiferous tubules with the help of image tool-2 software. There was no significant change in the somniferous tubules or interstitial tissue of all three groups were found. Probably gold in not unlawful for its organic effect but might be prohibited as an ornamenful object for men.

Background and Brain tumors represent 10% of primary neoplasms of the central nervous systems. Great achievements have been made today using CT-Scan in diagnosis such tumors. Methods and materials: This analytical prospective research was conducted in two hospitals in Mashad on 50 patients with primary diagnosis of brain tumors. All Ct- scans were interpreted by the same radiologist. The interpretations were compared with postoperative pathological results. Mean age of the subjects was 41.03±18.8 years, ranging from 6 to 71. Tumors were most common in the 4th, 5th and 7th decade and least common in the first and second decades of life. Tumor prevalence in biopsy results were GBM (30%), meningioma (18%), asterocytoma (12%), metastasis and hypophyse adenoma (each 6%). Chi-square analysis revealed no significant relationship between the type of tumors and sufferer's sex. The Findings indicated that CT- Scan is of high diagnostic value in diagnosing large tumors and that they are consistent with Pathological results in 68% of the cases.

Background and This research is conducted to study the effect of black tea polyphenols on the growth of rats over a short period. Methods and materials: In a controlled experiment, 10 rats, divided in to two groups, were studied for 38 days. In the first 30 days, they had the same diet but in the 8 last days of intervention, experimental rats consumed tea for water. Consumed food, growth rate and FER were measured for each rat. The obtained data, in SPSS, were analyzed using independent and paired t- test. Mean FER in experimental rats 9 days before intervention was 0.262±0.022, which reduced to 0.176±0.047 after intervention and the difference was significant (P. ...

Background and Labor pain is considered as one of the most beautiful phenomenon, causing anxiety in mothers and in most cases a reason for elective cesarean section. Analgesics such as entonox are now common in pain relief and this study is intended to answer the patients on the possible complications and degree of pain relief using this procedure. Methods and Materials: In order to determine the effect of entonox on labor pain, 35 pregnant women (16-35 years old age; gravid 1-7) were objectively selected from among women referring to 9th Dey Maternity Hospital in Torbat Heidariyyeh, Iran. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, mean pain score (3 contractions) was determined through a visual pain scale two times: once before entonox and once after nitroxide inhalation. 1st and 5th minute APGAR were reported to be 8.32±0.7 and 9.92±0.7 respectively. Noatony was observed in the subjects. Pain score dropped to 7.1±1.01 upon nitroxide inhalation. 60% of the patients expressed low satisfaction and only 8.4% expressed perfect satisfaction of the entonox method. It seems that the treatment staff is to provide realistic expectations for mothers and the expression of pain relief is preferred to analgesia in this regard.

Background and Despite multiple interactions between diabetes melitus and reproductive function, little studies compare the natural history of menstrual cycles and reproductive functions in women with and without type II diabetes. Methods and materials: To compare these characteristics, a retrospective, descriptive, epidemiological study was conducted on women with cessation of menstruation for at least one year at the end of reproductive years who were aged 40 years and over and was living in Birjand in 2002. The standard cluster sampling technique was used and a total 810 menopausal women were recruited from nine health care centers. Data were collected using an interviewing questionnaire. Overt Diabetes was determined by history taking. Statistical measures were t and chi-square test. Of the total 810 samples, the complete questionnaire was obtained from 807 subjects. Of the total at postmenopausal age subjects, 98 (12%) were classified as diabetic and 709 (88%) nondiabetic. The mean age in total population was 58.91±8.4, with mean age of 47.19±5.31 years at menopause. Mean age at menopause was 48.5±5.53 in diabetic and 47±5.27 in non-diabetic (p....

Background and Hormonal changes, hot flush and peri-menopausal crises affect women's mental; health and predisposes them to depression. Hormone replacement therapy is applied to treat menopausal symptoms but its effect on depression is in question. Therefore / this research is Conducted to determine the effect of hormone replacement therapy on menopausal depression. Methods and Materials: In this quasi - experimental study 40 menopausal women from Mashad, with no history of hormone therapy psychiatric disorders and no Contraindication of hormone therapy, were selected and divided into 2 groups according to their own tendency. The experimental group received 0.625 mg conjugated estrogen and 2.5 mg medroxy progesterone acetate daily for six weeks; the control group received nothing. Sample selection checklists, demographic questionnaire, Beck's depression inventory, premenstrual syndrome test, Cassidy social support scale, Uzeng self- esteem, and attitudes toward menopause and hormone therapy were utilized for data collection. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using independent and paired t- tests, as well as two - way ANOVA. mean depression score at the outset for the control and experimental groups were 21.85±8.4 and 20.25±7.5 and at the end of the study 17.00±8.7 and 15.5±7.6 respectively; this implied a significant difference in each group. However, the difference between the two groups was not significant. The results indicated no significant different in utilizing or not utilizing Hormone Replacement therapy on menopausal depression. Therefore, longitudinal and more extensive researches are recommended to Study the issue.

Background and This study is intended to survey the relationship between low birth weight infant in village of Neishabour in 2004 and some relevant factors. Methods and Materials: This applied descriptive research is conducted on 90 low birth weight infants (cases) and 90 normal infants (control). Variables such as weight of infants, maternal height, blood pressure, anemia, urinary infection, the interval between births, history of low birth weight, number of children, period of maternal care, maternal education, date of delivery, infant's sex, twin in recent delivery, hemorrhage in pregnancy and growth percentage. In this study mean maternal age in case and control groups was 25 years. Mean infant's weight in the case group was 2117 gr. and control 3293 gr. Growth percentage in the case group was between 3-25 percent and control 25-50 percent. There was a significant relationship between infant's weight, number of children before this birth, infant's sex, history of twins between the two groups.

Background and Clinical appearance of tuberculosis is very variable and it may be presented with any form. Tuberculosis, in Iran, is a very common disease and it is differential diagnosis of many diseases. Mammary Tuberculosis is a rare site of extrapulmonary TB. It may be primary or secondary. The patient: A 42-year- old woman, presented with breast swelling, pain and Skin ulcer of one month earlier was treated with surgery and antibiotic therapy for breast abscess without success. When she presented, she complained of erythema and discharge of med. Lateral of breast. Para-clinic tests and Chest-X-Ray was normal. All nectotic tissue was removed and biopsy was done. Pathology provided the diagnosis of Tuberculosis. An anti-Tuberculosis regimen was prescribed for 6 months. Tuberculosis is rarely localized in the breast. The main differential diagnosis is breast cancer. Pathology examination is required for diagnosis. Successful treatment is a combination of antituberculous drug therapy with the removal of infected breast tissue.